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pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
=============================================================================
The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and
executing simple grammars, vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the
use of regular expressions. With pyparsing, you don't need to learn
a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing
module provides a library of classes that you use to construct the
grammar directly in Python.
Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form
``"<salutation>, <addressee>!"``), built up using :class:`Word`,
:class:`Literal`, and :class:`And` elements
(the :meth:`'+'<ParserElement.__add__>` operators create :class:`And` expressions,
and the strings are auto-converted to :class:`Literal` expressions)::
from pyparsing import Word, alphas
# define grammar of a greeting
greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
hello = "Hello, World!"
print(hello, "->", greet.parse_string(hello))
The program outputs the following::
Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the
self-explanatory class names, and the use of :class:`'+'<And>`,
:class:`'|'<MatchFirst>`, :class:`'^'<Or>` and :class:`'&'<Each>` operators.
The :class:`ParseResults` object returned from
:class:`ParserElement.parseString` can be
accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an object with named
attributes.
The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically
vexing when writing text parsers:
- extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle
"Hello,World!", "Hello , World !", etc.)
- quoted strings
- embedded comments
Getting Started -
-----------------
Visit the classes :class:`ParserElement` and :class:`ParseResults` to
see the base classes that most other pyparsing
classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
- construct literal match expressions from :class:`Literal` and
:class:`CaselessLiteral` classes
- construct character word-group expressions using the :class:`Word`
class
- see how to create repetitive expressions using :class:`ZeroOrMore`
and :class:`OneOrMore` classes
- use :class:`'+'<And>`, :class:`'|'<MatchFirst>`, :class:`'^'<Or>`,
and :class:`'&'<Each>` operators to combine simple expressions into
more complex ones
- associate names with your parsed results using
:class:`ParserElement.setResultsName`
- access the parsed data, which is returned as a :class:`ParseResults`
object
- find some helpful expression short-cuts like :class:`delimitedList`
and :class:`oneOf`
- find more useful common expressions in the :class:`pyparsing_common`
namespace class
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